Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) Controls Major Senescence Hallmarks
Corinne Abbadie1, Olivier Pluquet1
1University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, UMR 9020-UMR-S1277 - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|April 21, 2020
Summary
Cellular senescence, a stress response, may be linked to the unfolded protein response (UPR). This study explores how UPR signaling might contribute to the key features of senescence.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Stress Response Mechanisms
Background:
- Cellular senescence is a complex state characterized by a stress response phenotype.
- The precise mechanisms governing the acquisition and maintenance of senescence remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential role of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in cellular senescence.
- To explore the UPR as a signaling platform associated with major senescence hallmarks.
Main Methods:
- This study presents a theoretical argument and synthesis of existing literature.
- No new experimental data was generated; it is a conceptual review.
Main Results:
- The unfolded protein response (UPR) is proposed as a potential signaling platform in senescence.
- UPR signaling pathways may be intrinsically linked to the development and persistence of senescence.
Conclusions:
- The unfolded protein response (UPR) may serve as a crucial signaling nexus for cellular senescence.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the direct mechanistic links between UPR and senescence hallmarks.
Related Concept Videos
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.9K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.9K
The Unfolded Protein Response
6.1K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
6.1K
Replicative Cell Senescence
4.2K
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
4.2K
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
4.9K
ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
4.9K
Regulated Protein Degradation
2.9K
2.9K
Regulated Protein Degradation
8.6K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
8.6K


