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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Tumor Initiation and Progression

Ruben Mercado Santos1, Cerena Moreno1, Wen Cai Zhang1

  • 1Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are dysregulated in lung cancer. Understanding these molecules offers potential for improved diagnostics and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in cellular processes and are frequently dysregulated in cancer.
  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), impacts lung cancer initiation and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the hallmarks of lung cancer initiation and progression.
  • To explore the role of dysregulated non-coding RNAs in these hallmarks.
  • To highlight the potential of targeting ncRNAs for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing key findings on ncRNAs and lung cancer hallmarks.
  • Analysis of ncRNA involvement in tumor initiation (e.g., stemness, oncogene activation) and progression (e.g., metastasis, drug resistance).
  • Discussion of how ncRNAs influence critical signaling and metabolic pathways in lung cancer.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs are implicated in critical lung cancer hallmarks such as tumor-initiating cells, immortalization, oncogene activation, tumor suppressor inactivation, metastasis, and drug resistance.
  • Dysregulated ncRNAs can modulate vital metabolic and cell signaling pathways driving tumorigenesis and pathological processes.
  • Targeting ncRNAs presents a potential strategy for interfering with lung cancer development and progression.

Conclusions:

  • Non-coding RNAs are key players in the complex landscape of lung cancer.
  • Further research into ncRNAs can lead to novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
  • Understanding ncRNA functions is crucial for improving early detection and clinical outcomes in lung cancer patients.
Keywords:
RNA editingRNA modificationscancer metabolismimmortalizationlong non-coding RNAlung cancermicroRNAoncogenetumor initiationtumor progression

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