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Related Concept Videos

Migration00:53

Migration

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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Global Climate Change01:50

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Temporary Migration and Climate Variation in Eastern Africa.

Valerie Mueller1,2, Glenn Sheriff1, Xiaoya Dou3

  • 1School of Politics and Global Studies, Arizona State University.

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|April 23, 2020
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Summary

Climate change impacts African migration. Rising temperatures and decreased rainfall reduce urban out-migration, challenging the idea that migration is a climate safety valve.

Keywords:
AfricaO15Q54adaptationclimatetemporary migration

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Science
  • Economics

Background:

  • Africa faces significant warming and climate variability by the late 21st century.
  • Climate extremes are linked to negative economic outcomes, necessitating adaptation strategies.
  • Understanding climate variability's impact on migration is crucial for effective policy in developing nations, particularly in Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effects of temperature and precipitation anomalies on temporary migration patterns in East Africa.
  • To investigate how individuals in developing countries manage climate variations.
  • To challenge existing narratives on climate-induced migration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-resolution climate data combined with panel micro-data on migration, labor participation, and demographics.
  • Employed regression analysis to evaluate temporary migration responses to local climate anomalies.
  • Focused on four East African countries.

Main Results:

  • A standard deviation increase in temperature led to a 10% decline in urban out-migration.
  • A standard deviation decrease in rainfall resulted in a 12% decline in urban out-migration.
  • Declines in urban out-migration correlated with negative local climate employment impacts, not reduced job opportunities.

Conclusions:

  • Temporary out-migration does not appear to serve as a safety valve during climate extremes in this context.
  • Climate change impacts on migration are more pronounced in urban areas than rural areas in developing countries.
  • Findings challenge the conventional understanding of climate change and migration dynamics in Africa.