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Facing Death in Adolescence: What Leads to Internalization and Externalization Problems?
Chiara Ionio1, Elena Camisasca2, Luca Milani1
11CRIdee, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20123 Milano, Italy.
Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma
|April 23, 2020
Summary
This study identified factors contributing to adolescent mental health issues after a significant loss. Low self-esteem, PTSD symptoms, and gender influenced internalizing and externalizing problems, guiding targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Adolescent Mental Health
- Grief and Loss Studies
Background:
- Adolescence is a critical developmental period marked by significant life events, including the death of a loved one.
- Bereavement in adolescence can precipitate or exacerbate internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems.
- Understanding the specific risk factors is crucial for effective psychological support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the factors associated with the development of internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents experiencing bereavement.
- To test a structural equation model explaining the pathways to these problems.
Main Methods:
- Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the relationships between various factors and adolescent psychological outcomes.
- Data were collected from adolescents who had experienced the death of a significant person.
Main Results:
- Internalizing problems were associated with low self-esteem, high post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology, and being female.
- Externalizing problems were linked to low self-esteem, perceiving the loss as central to one's life, and being male.
Conclusions:
- Low self-esteem and gender are significant predictors for both internalizing and externalizing problems in bereaved adolescents.
- Targeted interventions addressing PTSD symptoms and the centrality of loss are recommended for supporting adolescents coping with grief.
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