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Published on: August 5, 2021
Graphene Oxide Enables the Reosteogenesis of Previously Contaminated Titanium In Vitro
1Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Graphene oxide (GO) at 256 μg/mL combined with brushing effectively removed peri-implantitis biofilms from titanium surfaces. This treatment also restored or enhanced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic potential, offering a novel approach for peri-implantitis therapy.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Dental Implantology
Background:
- Peri-implantitis, characterized by infection and bone loss, necessitates effective biofilm removal and promotes reosseointegration.
- Current treatments struggle to fully eradicate biofilms and facilitate new bone formation on contaminated implant surfaces.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of graphene oxide (GO) in removing polymicrobial biofilms from titanium surfaces.
- To assess the potential of GO treatment in promoting reosteogenesis on contaminated titanium implants.
Main Methods:
- Titanium surfaces with established biofilms were treated with brushing, varying concentrations of GO (64–512 μg/mL), or a combination of both.
- Reosteogenesis was evaluated using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on treated titanium surfaces, assessing cell viability and osteogenic differentiation.
Main Results:
- Graphene oxide (GO) at concentrations ≥256 μg/mL, when combined with brushing, effectively eliminated residual bacteria and prevented biofilm regrowth.
- BMSC viability and osteogenic differentiation were significantly higher in the group treated with 256 μg/mL GO and brushing compared to untreated or brushing-only groups.
- The combined treatment group (256 μg/mL GO and brushing) showed comparable or enhanced osteogenic potential to clean titanium surfaces.
Conclusions:
- A combination of 256 μg/mL graphene oxide (GO) and brushing is a highly effective method for removing residual polymicrobial biofilms from contaminated titanium surfaces.
- This treatment approach can restore or even enhance the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells on treated titanium surfaces in vitro.
- This study presents a promising new strategy for the clinical management of peri-implantitis, focusing on both infection control and bone regeneration.
