Posttraumatic Growth After Childbirth in Women: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Perinatal Psychology
• Trauma Studies
• Psychosocial Intervention Research

Background:

• Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is a positive psychological change experienced after adversity.
• The perinatal period presents unique challenges and potential for growth.
• Understanding PTG factors in this context is crucial for supporting parents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and appraise evidence on PTG in the perinatal context.
• To identify individual, event-related, and contextual factors associated with perinatal PTG.
• To inform the development of targeted psychosocial interventions.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search of five databases (inception to February 2019).
• Adherence to PRISMA guidelines for study selection and data extraction.
• Inclusion of 13 studies examining PTG and associated factors in perinatal populations.

Main Results:

• Consistent individual factors linked to PTG include age, personality, and coping strategies.
• Event-related factors such as premature birth and threat appraisal were associated with PTG.
• Contextual factors, notably emotional support from grandmothers and spouses, were significant.

Conclusions:

• Perinatal PTG is influenced by a combination of individual, event-specific, and social support factors.
• Identified factors provide targets for designing effective psychosocial interventions for parents.
• Further research is recommended to refine understanding and intervention strategies.