Time-lasting ceramic stains and glaze: A toothbrush simulation study

To evaluate and compare color stability and gloss retention of ceramic stains and glaze under simulated toothbrushing using dentifrices with different relative dentin abrasion (RDA).

Feldspathic porcelain, lithium disilicate, 3 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia, and 5 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia were evaluated. Ceramics were externally stained, glazed and mounted in the toothbrush simulator. A toothbrush with 300 g force was applied. Regular toothpaste (72 RDA) and charcoal toothpaste (RDA <200) were used. Linear brushing motion with cycle intervals: 5 k, 10 k, 30 k, and 50 k was achieved. Change in color (CIEΔE2000) and gloss measurements were collected using a reflection spectrophotometer (Ci 7600, X-rite) at baseline and cycle intervals. Repeated measures analysis of variance within specimen factors (ceramic type, toothpaste and cycles) was performed.

ΔE₀₀ was significantly different at 50 k cycles and with zirconia ceramics (P < .0001). Charcoal toothpaste was significantly different in ΔE₀₀ compared to regular toothpaste (P > .0001). Loss of gloss was observed at 5 k and 30 k (charcoal and regular toothpaste respectively) regardless type of ceramic (P > .0001).

Glass-phase ceramics retain stains longer than zirconia ceramics. Charcoal toothpaste affect color and gloss stability. Ceramic glaze maybe lost within the first 6 months in patients' mouth.

Long-term color and gloss stability of externally stained and glazed ceramics maybe a clinical concern. Charcoal toothpastes enhance loss of color and gloss of ceramic restorations.