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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

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Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

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Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Instability-Induced Pattern Formations in Soft Magnetoactive Composites.

Artemii Goshkoderia1, Vincent Chen2,3, Jian Li4

  • 1Department of Aerospace Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.

Physical Review Letters
|May 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soft magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) composites exhibit new patterns and tunable microstructures when instabilities develop under a magnetic field. This discovery enables the design of novel reconfigurable soft materials controlled remotely by magnetic fields.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Mechanics of Materials

Background:

  • Elastic instabilities in soft matter can lead to significant microstructure transformations and unique behaviors.
  • Soft magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) composites offer a platform to study these phenomena under external stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate instability-induced pattern formation in MAE composites subjected to magnetic fields.
  • To explore how magnetic field strength influences pattern evolution and periodicity in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing theoretical modeling and simulations to analyze the behavior of periodically particle-distributed MAE composites.
  • Investigating the onset of elastic instabilities and subsequent pattern formation under varying magnetic field magnitudes.

Main Results:

  • Identified that MAE composites can transition to diverse patterns with altered periodicity due to instabilities.
  • Demonstrated that the magnitude of the applied magnetic field dictates the resulting patterns and postbuckling behavior.
  • Pinpointed specific magnetic field levels that induce doubled or multiplied periodicity upon instability onset.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a mechanism for controlling microstructure transformations in soft MAE composites via magnetic fields.
  • The findings suggest potential applications in developing reconfigurable soft materials with tunable properties.
  • Remote control of material microstructure using magnetic fields is a promising avenue for advanced material design.