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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Severe acute respiratory illness surveillance for coronavirus disease 2019, India, 2020

Nivedita Gupta1, Ira Praharaj1, Tarun Bhatnagar2

  • 1Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|May 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Sentinel surveillance of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients in India detected 1.8% COVID-19 positivity. This data aids in targeting containment efforts and optimizing resource allocation for pandemic mitigation.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Sentinel surveillance of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients is crucial for tracking coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission.
  • SARI surveillance was implemented early in India's COVID-19 outbreak to monitor disease spread.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the positivity rate of COVID-19 among SARI patients in India.
  • To characterize the demographic and epidemiological features of COVID-19 cases identified through SARI surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 (E and RdRp genes) was performed on SARI patients.
  • Data were collected from 41 sentinel sites across India starting February 15, 2020, and analyzed from the Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Network.

Main Results:

  • Out of 5,911 SARI patients tested, 104 (1.8%) were positive for COVID-19.
  • COVID-19 cases were identified in 52 districts across 20 States/Union Territories.
  • Positivity was higher in males and individuals over 50 years old; 39.2% of cases had no known contact or travel history.

Conclusions:

  • Districts reporting COVID-19 cases among SARI patients require targeted containment strategies.
  • Enhanced sentinel surveillance for COVID-19 in SARI patients is an effective approach for resource-efficient containment and mitigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19SARIsentinelsurveillanceContainment

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