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Survival Differences Between Pediatric Head and Neck Versus Body Melanoma in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End

Kevin Shi1, P Ryan Camilon1, Jared M Roberts1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|May 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric melanoma of the head and neck (MHN) shows worse survival than melanoma of the body (MOB). Melanoma of the scalp and neck in children has the poorest survival outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Pediatric melanoma is rare but requires understanding of prognostic factors.
  • Anatomical site may influence survival outcomes in pediatric melanoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review demographics, treatment, and survival of pediatric melanoma of the head and neck (MHN).
  • To determine if MHN has worse survival compared to melanoma of other body sites (MOB).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective database review of pediatric patients (0-21 years) from 1975-2016.
  • Utilized Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registries.
  • Included skin melanoma diagnoses using ICD-O-3 codes for various body sites.

Main Results:

  • Identified 4,561 pediatric melanomas: 854 (18.7%) MHN and 3,707 (81.3%) MOB.
  • MHN had a 1.6-fold increased hazard ratio for mortality compared to MOB (95% CI: 1.3-2.1).
  • Melanoma of the scalp and neck showed a 2.2-fold increased hazard ratio (1.1-4.7). 2- and 5-year survival for MHN were 94.6% and 90.7% vs. 96.6% and 94.7% for MOB (P < .01).

Conclusions:

  • Survival outcomes for pediatric melanoma are significantly influenced by anatomical site.
  • Children with melanoma of the scalp and neck exhibit the worst survival rates.
  • Older age, White race, and male sex are associated with increased risk for poorer survival outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pediatric head and neck melanomaSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Resultsmelanoma survival

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