Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

1.6K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
1.6K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

1.1K
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
1.1K
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

42.7K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
42.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Changes in Functional Brain Activity in School-Age Children 10 Years Later: A Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Psychiatry investigation·2026
Same author

Context-dependent roles of lncRNA JPX in human cancers.

Discover oncology·2026
Same author

Tactile object individuation on a fingertip is associated with neural representations in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Staged Audiovisual Speech Integration and Altered Early-Stage Audiovisual Processing in Autistic Children: An EEG Investigation.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2026
Same author

In Situ Eu Redox in Cs<sub>3</sub>YCl<sub>6</sub> Enabling Colorful Scintillators for Multicolor Radiography and Real-Time Dosimetry.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

An interferon-NETosis-IL-6-epithelial-mesenchymal transition axis defines the early therapeutic window in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Journal of nephrology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine
07:05

Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine

Published on: October 27, 2016

9.5K

Visual-Haptic Size Estimation in Peripersonal Space.

Nikolaos Katzakis1, Lihan Chen2, Frank Steinicke1

  • 1Human-Computer Interaction, Department of Informatics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Neurorobotics
|May 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In virtual reality (VR), visual cues often dominate size perception over haptic feedback, even when conflicting. This study reveals a central tendency effect in size estimation within virtual environments (VE).

Keywords:
force-feedbackhapticperceptual estimationperipersonal spacesizevirtual realityvisual

More Related Videos

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

2.1K
MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions
09:46

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine
07:05

Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine

Published on: October 27, 2016

9.5K
Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

2.1K
MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions
09:46

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Perceptual psychology
  • Human-computer interaction
  • Virtual reality

Background:

  • Estimating visual depth and size in different spatial layouts is well-researched in perceptual psychology.
  • Research on size and depth perception in virtual environments (VE) is limited, particularly concerning conflicting sensory cues.
  • The rise of virtual reality (VR) necessitates understanding how human operators perceive visual properties and act upon them within VR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between visual and haptic size perception in a virtual environment (VE).
  • To determine the influence of conflicting visual and haptic size information on human perception within VR.
  • To examine the presence of perceptual biases, such as the central tendency effect, in VE size estimations.

Main Methods:

  • An experiment was conducted where participants compared the size of a visual sphere to a haptic sphere within a VE.
  • Visual and haptic sphere sizes were either identical or conflicting (visual larger/smaller than haptic).
  • The method of constant stimuli was employed using three standard haptic references (small, medium, large) for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Visual size perception demonstrated a dominant functional priority over haptic size perception.
  • A central tendency effect was observed: observers overestimated smaller haptic sizes and underestimated larger haptic sizes.
  • Findings align with previous research conducted in real environments (RE).

Conclusions:

  • Visual information plays a primary role in size perception within virtual environments, even when contradicted by haptic feedback.
  • Perceptual biases like the central tendency effect persist in VR, mirroring real-world observations.
  • Results offer crucial insights for designing effective human-computer interactions that integrate multimodal 3D sensory information in VR.