The effects of medication on intraocular pressure in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A
Oguz Guvenmez1, Mehmet Cubuk2, Serkan Gunes3
1Independent Researcher, Adana, Turkey. oguzguvenmez001@hotmail.com.
Insights
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatments, including methylphenidate and atomoxetine, did not significantly alter intraocular pressure (IOP) in children over six months. This suggests ADHD medications are safe for children
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Child Psychiatry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent childhood psychiatric condition.
- Psychopharmacological therapy is a common and effective ADHD treatment.
- The impact of ADHD medications on intraocular pressure (IOP) in pediatric patients requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of psychopharmacological agents on intraocular pressure (IOP) in children diagnosed with ADHD.
- To compare IOP changes in children with ADHD treated with methylphenidate (MPH) versus atomoxetine (ATX).
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 82 children with ADHD and 36 healthy controls (aged 8-12 years) were recruited.
- Children with ADHD were divided into methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX) treatment groups.
- Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months.
Main Results:
- No significant baseline differences in age, gender, or IOP were observed among the ADHD and control groups.
- Six-month treatment with MPH or ATX did not result in statistically significant changes in IOP compared to baseline.
- Pediatric ADHD patients exhibited similar IOP levels to healthy children.
Conclusions:
- Children with ADHD may present with intraocular pressure (IOP) comparable to their healthy peers.
- Six-month treatment with methylphenidate (MPH) or atomoxetine (ATX) appears to be safe concerning intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with ADHD.
Abstract:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric conditions in childhood. Psychopharmacological therapy is an effective treatment for ADHD. In this study, we primarily aim to investigate the effects of psychopharmacological agents on intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with ADHD. The sample included 82 children with ADHD and 36 healthy children aged between 8 and 12 years who were referred to the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Hatay State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey. Children with ADHD were divided into two groups according to the medication used: methylphenidate (MPH) group and atomoxetine (ATX) group. Before treatment and after 1- and 6-month treatment period, IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry. There were no statistical differences in terms of age, gender, and IOP between the three groups (P > 0.05). After 1- and 6-month treatment, the IOP did not change significantly between baseline and 1 month or 6 months (P > 0.05). Children with ADHD may have an IOP similar to healthy children. Six-month treatment with MPH or ATX may not cause significant changes in IOP.
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