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Related Concept Videos

Wood Products01:21

Wood Products

236
Wood products encompass a broad range of materials crafted from wood strands, veneers, lumber, and even waste wood-like shreds, designed for both structural and nonstructural purposes. Various specialized wood products have been developed to enhance strength, durability, and versatility in building applications.
Glue-laminated wood, often referred to as glulam, combines multiple smaller pieces of dimensional lumber using adhesives to form a single, larger piece. Cross-laminated timber consists...
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Introduction to Wood01:19

Introduction to Wood

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Wood, derived from trees, is a versatile and widely used construction material. Trees feature a trunk surrounded by a protective layer of dead bark. Beneath this outer layer lies the living bark, followed by the cambium, and then the sapwood which transitions into heartwood as it matures. At the center of the trunk is the pith. The age of a tree can be discerned by examining its growth rings, which are concentric bands visible in the trunk's cross-section.
The structural integrity of the...
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Lumber01:19

Lumber

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Lumber is derived from logs which are harvested, debarked, and processed into long pieces with a rectangular cross-section. The transformation of logs into lumber involves multiple steps, beginning with an automated saw that slices the log into slabs. These slabs are then transported via a conveyor belt to smaller saws, where they are cut into square-edged pieces of specific widths.
Initially, the surfaces of these lumber pieces are rough, and their dimensions may vary slightly from one end to...
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Lignin from Tree Barks: Chemical Structure and Valorization.

Duarte M Neiva1,2, Jorge Rencoret1, Gisela Marques1

  • 1Department of Plant Biotechnology, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes, 10, 41012-, Seville, Spain.

Chemsuschem
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Tree bark lignins from Norway spruce, eucalyptus, and acacia species were characterized. These lignins offer a valuable source of phenolic compounds and inform bark deconstruction technologies.

Keywords:
NMR spectroscopybiomassphenolpyrolysisrenewable resources

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass valorization
  • Lignin chemistry
  • Tree bark utilization

Background:

  • Lignin, a complex polymer in plant cell walls, varies significantly based on botanical source.
  • Tree bark represents an abundant, underutilized biomass resource.
  • Understanding lignin structure is key to developing efficient deconstruction and valorization processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize lignins isolated from diverse tree barks.
  • To investigate the chemical composition and linkage types within these lignins.
  • To assess the potential of bark lignins as sources of valuable phenolic compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and purification of lignin from Norway spruce (Picea abies), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), mimosa (Acacia dealbata), and blackwood acacia (A. melanoxylon) barks.
  • Detailed chemical characterization including analysis of guaiacyl (G), syringyl (S), and p-hydroxyphenyl (H) units.
  • Assessment of various inter-unit linkages, such as β-ether and condensed linkages.

Main Results:

  • Eucalyptus bark lignin showed high syringyl (S) content (73%) and abundant β-ether linkages (83%).
  • Acacia bark lignins (H/G/S ratio ≈5:50:45) exhibited significant β-ethers (73-75%) and some condensed linkages.
  • Norway spruce bark lignin was rich in guaiacyl (G) units (86%), with fewer β-O-4' ether linkages (44%) and more condensed linkages, also containing incorporated hydroxystilbene glucosides.

Conclusions:

  • Tree bark lignins exhibit distinct structural features and compositions depending on the species.
  • These lignins are a promising source of diverse phenolic compounds.
  • The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing technologies for bark deconstruction and valorization.