Multimodal Imaging in Ocular Sarcoidosis.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Immunology

Background:

• Ocular sarcoidosis poses diagnostic difficulties due to its diverse clinical manifestations.
• Differentiating ocular sarcoidosis from other uveitis conditions is crucial for effective patient management.
• Multimodal imaging techniques offer valuable insights for clinical application in diagnosing ocular sarcoidosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and highlight the utility of various imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of ocular sarcoidosis.
• To emphasize the role of advanced imaging in differentiating ocular sarcoidosis from other inflammatory eye diseases.

Main Methods:

• This study is a comprehensive review of existing literature and clinical data.
• Analysis of diagnostic and management strategies for ocular sarcoidosis using multimodal imaging.

Main Results:

• Fundus fluorescein angiography (FA) reveals characteristic patterns of inflammation and vascular leakage in ocular sarcoidosis.
• Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) provides insights into choroidal inflammation and occult lesions.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) demonstrate structural changes and vascular abnormalities in the retina and choroid.

Conclusions:

• Multimodal imaging, encompassing FA, ICG, OCT, and OCTA, plays a pivotal role in the accurate diagnosis of ocular sarcoidosis.
• These imaging techniques are essential for monitoring disease activity and guiding treatment decisions in patients with ocular sarcoidosis.
• Integrating multimodal imaging into clinical practice improves the diagnostic yield and management of ocular sarcoidosis.