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A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single  conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of  multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
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Anomalous ring-connected optical vortex array.

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces an anomalous ring-connected optical vortex array (ARC-OVA) by combining grafted optical vortices (GOVs). This new method allows individual control over vortex signs and positions, enabling simultaneous positive and negative optical vortices within a single ring.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Vortex Optics

    Background:

    • Conventional optical vortex arrays (OVAs) have limitations in controlling individual vortex properties.
    • Superposition of optical vortices is a known technique but lacks fine control over sign and distribution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel anomalous ring-connected optical vortex array (ARC-OVA).
    • To enable independent modulation of the signs and distribution of optical vortices (OVs) within an array.
    • To explore new possibilities for optical manipulation and measurement.

    Main Methods:

    • Superposition of two grafted optical vortices (GOVs) with differing topological charges (TCs).
    • Utilizing interference patterns to create the ARC-OVA structure.
    • Modulating parameters to control OV sign, distribution, and dark core size.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated an ARC-OVA with individually controllable OV signs and distributions.
    • Achieved simultaneous appearance of positive and negative OVs within the same intensity ring.
    • Demonstrated modulation of the dark core size, shared by pairs of OVs.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed ARC-OVA offers enhanced control over optical vortex arrays compared to conventional methods.
    • This technique deepens the understanding of connected OVAs.
    • Potential applications in particle manipulation and optical measurement are facilitated.