Three-Dimensional Volumetric Changes After Socket Augmentation with Deproteinized Bovine Bone and Collagen Matrix

Area of Science:

• Dental implantology
• Periodontology
• Oral surgery

Background:

• Alveolar ridge resorption is a common consequence of tooth extraction.
• Socket augmentation aims to preserve ridge dimensions.
• Limited data exists on soft tissue volumetric changes post-augmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify volumetric and linear dimensional changes in hard and soft tissues.
• To evaluate buccal surface changes after socket augmentation.
• To compare a xenogeneic collagen matrix with a collagen plug in combination with bone grafting.

Main Methods:

• 24 patients undergoing tooth extraction were randomized into two groups.
• Group 1: Deproteinized bovine bone + collagen plug.
• Group 2: Deproteinized bovine bone + xenogeneic collagen matrix.
• Cone beam computed tomography and intraoral scans were used for analysis at baseline and 6 months.
• Noncontact reverse-engineering software assessed hard and soft tissue remodeling.

Main Results:

• Both groups exhibited bone and soft tissue remodeling.
• No significant difference in hard tissue remodeling between groups.
• The xenogeneic collagen matrix group showed significantly reduced buccal soft tissue loss (68.6 mm³ vs. 87.6 mm³).
• Reduced soft tissue volume loss was observed in the collagen matrix group over 6 months (P = .009).

Conclusions:

• Total tissue volume analysis is effective for comparing soft and hard tissue remodeling.
• Xenogeneic collagen matrix use reduces buccal soft tissue loss post-extraction.
• Further research is needed to establish the clinical significance of soft tissue augmentation.