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Work Statistics across a Quantum Phase Transition.

Zhaoyu Fei1, Nahuel Freitas2, Vasco Cavina2

  • 1School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Physical Review Letters
|May 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied work statistics during quantum phase transitions using adiabatic perturbation theory. Work cumulants show universal scaling, similar to Kibble-Zurek scaling, revealing insights into nonequilibrium dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) involve abrupt changes in a system's ground state.
  • Nonequilibrium dynamics during QPTs are crucial for understanding system behavior.
  • The Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) describes defect formation during quenches across critical points.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the statistical properties of work performed during quantum quenches across a quantum phase transition.
  • To explore the universality and scaling behavior of work cumulants in comparison to KZM defect scaling.
  • To differentiate the work statistics scaling for quenches traversing a critical point versus those ending near it.

Main Methods:

  • Application of adiabatic perturbation theory for analyzing work statistics.
  • Assumption of independent quasiparticles and the single-excitation approximation.
  • Analysis of two types of transformations: traversing a critical point and ending near it.

Main Results:

  • All work cumulants exhibit universal scaling behavior analogous to Kibble-Zurek scaling for defect density.
  • The scaling behavior of work cumulants differs qualitatively for quenches traversing a critical point versus those ending near it.
  • Scaling exponents for work cumulants are determined by system dimension and critical exponents, consistent with KZM.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals the imprint of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism on work statistics during quantum phase transitions.
  • This work deepens the understanding of nonequilibrium dynamics in QPTs.
  • The findings highlight universal and distinct scaling behaviors in work statistics depending on the quench type.