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Complex interactions can create persistent fluctuations in high-diversity ecosystems.

Felix Roy1,2, Matthieu Barbier3, Giulio Biroli2

  • 1Institut de physique théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-diversity ecosystems can maintain chaotic population dynamics, allowing many species to coexist without extinction. These persistent fluctuations arise from internal ecological interactions in spatially complex environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Theoretical Ecology
  • Biodiversity Science

Background:

  • Ecosystems often exist in non-equilibrium states, with species populations fluctuating.
  • Understanding the drivers of persistent population fluctuations and their impact on biodiversity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conditions under which ecological interactions can drive ecosystems into persistent non-equilibrium states.
  • To develop a theoretical framework for quantifying and predicting the properties of these fluctuating states.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical framework based on dynamical mean-field theory.
  • Analysis of high-diversity, spatially heterogeneous ecological systems.
  • Quantification of conditions leading to persistent chaotic dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Spatially heterogeneous, high-diversity systems can exhibit long-lasting chaotic dynamics.
  • Ecological interactions create feedback loops driving persistent fluctuations.
  • Fluctuation amplitude is tightly linked to species diversity, enabling greater coexistence.

Conclusions:

  • Ecological interactions can sustain non-equilibrium dynamics and high biodiversity.
  • Spatially extended systems differ significantly from well-mixed systems in maintaining biodiversity.
  • Findings offer insights into biodiversity maintenance and natural fluctuation patterns.