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Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

13.8K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
8.8K
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

2.2K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

1.5K
When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
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Surface Hexagonal Pt1Sn1 Intermetallic on Pt Nanoparticles for Selective Propane Dehydrogenation.

Chenliang Ye1,2,3, Mao Peng3, Yunhao Wang3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Platinum-tin (Pt-Sn) bimetallic nanoparticles enhance propane dehydrogenation, showing improved activity and stability over platinum alone. Higher Pt-Sn coordination boosts reaction rates, attributed to electronic and geometric effects.

Keywords:
Pt−Sn bimetallic nanoparticleselectronic structuregeometric structureintermetallicpropane dehydrogenation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Propane dehydrogenation is crucial for producing propylene, a key petrochemical feedstock.
  • Developing efficient and selective catalysts is essential for optimizing this process.
  • Platinum-based catalysts are active but often suffer from low selectivity and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize Pt-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles for propane dehydrogenation.
  • To investigate the effect of Pt-Sn coordination number on catalytic performance.
  • To elucidate the structure-activity relationships governing selectivity and activity.

Main Methods:

  • Stepwise synthesis involving electrostatic adsorption and temperature-programmed reduction on SiO2 support.
  • In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) for structural analysis.
  • Catalytic testing for propane dehydrogenation, including turnover rate (TOR) and propylene selectivity measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized 2-3 nm Pt-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles with a hexagonal Pt1Sn1 intermetallic shell.
  • Pt-Sn catalysts exhibited significantly higher TORs, propylene selectivity, and stability compared to monometallic Pt.
  • TORs increased with Pt-Sn coordination number; selectivity was less affected.

Conclusions:

  • Pt-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles are superior catalysts for propane dehydrogenation.
  • Geometric effects of Sn (reducing Pt ensembles) enhance propylene selectivity.
  • Electronic effects of Sn (weakening Pt-hydrocarbon chemisorption) increase TORs.