Self-Powered Sensors and Systems Based on Nanogenerators.
Zhiyi Wu1, Tinghai Cheng1, Zhong Lin Wang1,2
1Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 28, 2020
Summary
Self-powered sensors harvest ambient energy, eliminating the need for external power. Piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators enable sustainable sensing for IoT and smart cities.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrical Engineering
- Sensor Technology
Background:
- Sustainable operation of mobile sensors in IoT and smart cities is challenged by limited energy storage.
- The concept of self-powered sensors, harvesting ambient energy, was introduced in 2006.
- Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are key technologies for self-powered systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the progress of PENG and TENG in various application fields.
- To highlight the dual role of PENG and TENG as power sources and active sensing devices.
- To provide a future perspective on self-powered sensors.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on PENG and TENG applications.
- Analysis of energy harvesting and sensing capabilities of nanogenerators.
- Categorization of applications including physical sensors, wearable devices, and smart city technologies.
Main Results:
- PENG and TENG are effective in converting mechanical energy to electricity for sensor operation.
- These nanogenerators serve as both power sources and active sensing elements.
- Diverse applications demonstrated, spanning healthcare, human-machine interfaces, environmental monitoring, and robotics.
Conclusions:
- Self-powered sensors based on PENG and TENG offer a sustainable solution for ubiquitous sensing.
- Continued advancements in nanogenerator technology will expand their role in future smart systems.
- The integration of PENG and TENG is crucial for the advancement of the Internet of Things and smart cities.
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