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An aphid RNA transcript migrates systemically within plants and is a virulence factor.

Yazhou Chen1, Archana Singh2, Gemy G Kaithakottil2

  • 1Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Green peach aphids (Myzus persicae) deliver their own RNA transcripts, including a long noncoding RNA, into plants. This RNA acts as a virulence factor, enhancing aphid reproduction and colonization.

Keywords:
aphidslncRNAplant–insect interactionstranskingdom RNA traffickingvirulence

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Area of Science:

  • Plant-Insect Interactions
  • Molecular Biology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Aphids are significant agricultural pests that feed on plant phloem.
  • The mechanisms by which aphids establish long-term plant interactions are poorly understood.
  • Aphids can transmit various plant pathogens, causing substantial crop damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify virulence factors in the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) that facilitate plant colonization.
  • To investigate the role of aphid-derived transcripts in plant-insect interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Myzus persicae clone capable of colonizing diverse plant species.
  • Analyzed the expression and genomic organization of the novel aphid gene family 'Ya'.
  • Investigated aphid transcript translocation into plants using RNA interference (RNAi) and transgenic plants.

Main Results:

  • Myzus persicae successfully colonized nine plant species across eudicot and monocot families.
  • A novel aphid gene family, 'Ya', was identified, with transcripts translocated into host plants.
  • Knockdown of 'Ya' genes reduced aphid fecundity; a Ya long noncoding RNA promoted aphid reproduction.

Conclusions:

  • Myzus persicae aphids translocate their own transcripts, including a mobile long noncoding RNA, into plants.
  • The 'Ya' gene family represents a novel class of aphid virulence factors.
  • These findings reveal a new mechanism of plant-insect interaction mediated by aphid-derived RNA.