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Blunderbuss: Ocular and Orbital Injuries Due to Muzzle-Loading Firearms
Matthew A De Niear1,2, James J Law1,3, Mark P Breazzano1,3,4
1Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|May 30, 2020
Summary
Muzzle-loading firearms can cause severe eye and orbital injuries, often from firearm explosions. Wearing protective eyewear could prevent these devastating injuries.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Trauma Surgery
- Forensic Science
Background:
- Antique muzzle-loading firearms present unique injury risks.
- Ocular and orbital trauma from these weapons is poorly characterized.
Observation:
- A retrospective review of 7 patients treated for muzzle-loading firearm injuries was conducted.
- Injuries were primarily caused by firearm explosions (6/7 cases).
- Common injuries included orbital fractures (5/7) and facial lacerations (6/7).
Findings:
- Three patients sustained globe injuries (1 closed, 2 open).
- Foreign material was retained in 3/7 patients.
- Visual acuity remained good (≥20/20) in most cases at follow-up.
Implications:
- Muzzle-loading firearm operation carries significant risks of ocular and orbital trauma.
- Injuries resemble blast injuries from explosive devices.
- Protective eyewear is crucial for preventing severe eye and orbital injuries.
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