Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Photodynamic Therapy with Curcumin in a Murine Model for Oral Candidiasis
Published on: October 27, 2023
Multi-route antifungal administration in the management of urinary Candida glabrata bezoar
Pravin Viswambaram1,2, Jeanie Misko1, Matthew Rawlins1
1Fiona Stanley Hospital, 11 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
Abstract:
A 65-year-old lady was admitted with urosepsis and imaging suggesting right sided hydronephrosis secondary to a filling defect consistent with a fungal bezoar. An indwelling urinary catheter and a right percutaneous nephrostomy tube were inserted. Candida glabrata cultured from urine was resistant to fluconazole. Amphotericin B was instilled into the renal pelvis via the nephrostomy tube while intravenous liposomal amphotericin was administered daily along with oral flucytosine. This multi-modal antifungal administration was continued for 14 days. Clinical and biochemical improvement was achieved and repeat imaging showed complete resolution of the filling defects and hydronephrosis.
Related Concept Videos
Additional Routes of Drug Administration
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management
Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
Unlike sublingually drugs, drugs that are taken orally pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and get metabolized by the liver. Once metabolized, the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching different body parts via the bloodstream. However, while passing through the stomach,...

