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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

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Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
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Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

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Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

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Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
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Intra-lymph Node Injection of Biodegradable Polymer Particles
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Programmable multistage drug delivery to lymph nodes.

Alex Schudel1,2, Asheley Poole Chapman3, Mei-Kwan Yau3

  • 1Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

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This study introduces a novel nanoparticle system for targeted drug delivery to lymph nodes. The system enhances therapeutic efficacy by enabling controlled release of small molecules to specific immune cells within the lymph node.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Targeted therapeutic delivery to lymph nodes holds promise for unmet clinical needs.
  • Lymphatic system structure and lymph node reticular networks pose significant barriers to cargo delivery.
  • Reaching specific immune cells in lymph node cortex and paracortex remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a delivery system overcoming lymphatic and intra-lymph node transport barriers.
  • To enable controlled release of small-molecular cargo within lymph nodes.
  • To improve immunotherapeutic effects by altering lymph node cell subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Combined nanoparticles for rapid lymph node transport with programmable degradable linkers.
  • Administration of nanoparticles in peripheral tissues.
  • Controlled release of intra-lymph-mobile small-molecular cargo.

Main Results:

  • The platform successfully overcame lymphatic and intra-lymph node transport barriers.
  • Released cargo reached significantly more immune cells throughout the lymph node compared to particles or free compounds alone.
  • Programmable release rates allowed access to different lymph node structures and specific lymphocyte subpopulations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed delivery system enables effective therapeutic delivery to lymph nodes.
  • Controlled release of small molecules enhances drug accessibility to diverse immune cells.
  • This approach can be utilized to modulate lymphocyte subpopulations for improved immunotherapies.