Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Moment of Inertia about an Arbitrary Axis01:20

Moment of Inertia about an Arbitrary Axis

561
The moment of inertia is typically associated with principal axes, but it can also be computed for any random axis. When an arbitrary axis is under consideration, the moment of inertia is determined by integrating the mass distribution of the object along that specific axis. It is crucial in applications like the design of machinery, where components rotate about various axes, and balance and stability are essential.
In this scenario, the perpendicular distance between the chosen arbitrary axis...
561
Rotation of Asymmetric Top01:11

Rotation of Asymmetric Top

1.3K
By definition, a spherically symmetric body has the same moment of inertia about any axis passing through its center of mass. This situation changes if there is no spherical symmetry. Since most rigid bodies are not spherically symmetric, these require special treatment.
The relationship between the angular momentum of any rigid body and its angular velocity, both of which are vectors, involves the moment of inertia. The moment of inertia is a scalar quantity only for spherically symmetric...
1.3K
Factorial Design02:01

Factorial Design

13.6K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.6K
Principal Moments of Area01:14

Principal Moments of Area

1.6K
In mechanics, the product of inertia and moments of inertia of area help to calculate the stability and performance of various structures and components. The coordinate transformation relations are used to calculate the moments and products of inertia for an area about the inclined axes. Further, the moments and products of inertia with respect to the principal axes can be determined using the moments and products of inertia about the inclined axes.
The principal moment of inertia axes are the...
1.6K
Perpendicular-Axis Theorem01:16

Perpendicular-Axis Theorem

4.2K
The perpendicular-axis theorem states that the moment of inertia of a planar object about an axis perpendicular to its plane is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia about two mutually perpendicular concurrent axes lying in the plane of the body.
Consider a circular disc of mass M and radius R lying along an x-y plane. The origin lies at the center of the disc, and the z-axis is perpendicular to the disc's plane. All three axes coincide at the disc's center. The moment of inertia of this...
4.2K
Equation of Motion: Rotation About a Fixed Axis01:18

Equation of Motion: Rotation About a Fixed Axis

401
Consider a flywheel, having an uneven mass distribution, rotating steadily around a fixed axis. As this rotation occurs, the center of mass of the flywheel traces a circular path. Understanding the acceleration of this center of mass requires observing both its tangential and normal components.
The tangential component is dependent on the direction of the angular acceleration of the flywheel. The tangential component of the acceleration propels the flywheel along its path. On the other hand,...
401

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Applying multidimensional computerized adaptive testing to the MSQOL-54: a simulation study.

Health and quality of life outcomes·2023
Same author

Increasing ventilation reduces SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission in schools: A retrospective cohort study in Italy's Marche region.

Frontiers in public health·2022
Same author

Theory of Mind Development in Italian Children with Specific Language Impairment and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Delay, Deficit, or Neither?

Journal of autism and developmental disorders·2022
Same author

Self-efficacy, subjective well-being and positive coping in adolescents with regard to Covid-19 lockdown.

Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)·2021
Same author

The Fear of Pain Questionnaire: Factor structure, validity and reliability of the Italian translation.

PloS one·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.1K

Factorial Invariance and Orthogonal Rotation.

Luca Ricolfi1, Silvia Testa2

  • 1Department of psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.

Multivariate Behavioral Research
|June 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces formal criteria for factorial invariance, finding varimax rotation best meets these conditions. Varimax rotation is highlighted as the optimal method for ensuring factorial invariance in factor analysis.

Keywords:
Crawford–Ferguson familyFactorial invarianceentropy methodsorthogonal rotationvarimax

More Related Videos

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits
08:27

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

Published on: September 27, 2019

7.2K
Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment
09:11

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.1K
Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits
08:27

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

Published on: September 27, 2019

7.2K
Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment
09:11

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Statistical Methods

Background:

  • Numerous factor rotation methods exist, but formal comparison criteria are underdeveloped.
  • Factorial invariance, a Thurstonian concept, has been historically applied but largely neglected in recent research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and apply formal criteria for evaluating factorial invariance in factor rotation methods.
  • To assess 11 orthogonal rotation methods against these proposed invariance criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Development of two specific conditions to establish factorial invariance.
  • Systematic application of these conditions to 11 distinct orthogonal rotation techniques.

Main Results:

  • Three rotation methods failed to meet either invariance condition.
  • Three methods satisfied only one of the two proposed invariance conditions.
  • Five methods, including varimax rotation, satisfied both conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Varimax rotation uniquely satisfies both proposed factorial invariance conditions.
  • Varimax rotation is identified as the superior method for ensuring factorial invariance, aligning with historical criteria.