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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Tools for Surface Treatment of Silicon Planar Intracortical Microelectrodes
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Tissue response to a chronically implantable wireless intracortical visual prosthesis (Gennaris array).

Jeffrey V Rosenfeld1,2,3,4,5, Yan T Wong1,3,6,7, Edwin Yan1,6

  • 1Monash Vision Group, Monash University, Clayton Vic 3800, Australia.

Journal of Neural Engineering
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study tested a wireless cortical vision prosthesis in sheep for up to 3 months. The results show that chronic electrical stimulation via these wireless arrays is well-tolerated by brain tissue, indicating potential for safe, long-term use.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Cortical vision prostheses aim to restore sight by stimulating the visual cortex.
  • Intracranial implantation of microelectrodes carries risks including tissue injury and immune response.
  • Wireless technology is desired to eliminate transcranial wiring for these devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the biological response to a wireless cortical vision prosthesis (Gennaris array).
  • To characterize histological changes following chronic electrical stimulation in a long-term study.

Main Methods:

  • Ten wireless cortical vision prosthesis arrays were implanted in three sheep.
  • Electrical stimulation was delivered through 7 arrays for up to 3 months.
  • Histological analysis was performed to assess tissue response.

Main Results:

  • Over 2700 hours of stimulation were achieved without observable adverse health effects.
  • Histology indicated the devices and implantation were well-tolerated, with tissue responses similar to Utah arrays.
  • Voltage transients were not measured, preventing verification of exact charge injection.

Conclusions:

  • This study represents one of the first long-term evaluations of a fully implantable wireless cortical vision prosthesis.
  • Results suggest that long-term stimulation using wireless arrays can be achieved without causing widespread tissue damage.