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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Dual Thyroid Ectopia and Heterotopic Thyroid Autotransplantation.

Shanmuga Sundaram Palaniswamy1, Padma Subramanyam

  • 1From the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Dual ectopic thyroid glands, a rare developmental defect, can be treated with autotransplantation. This case shows successful restoration of thyroid function after heterotopic autotransplantation of dual ectopic thyroid tissue.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid glands result from abnormal embryonic thyroid bud migration.
  • Thyroid ectopia can occur at any age and may lead to euthyroid or hypothyroid states.
  • Dual thyroid ectopia is exceptionally rare, with limited documented cases.

Observation:

  • A rare case of dual ectopic thyroid gland was identified.
  • The patient underwent heterotopic thyroid autotransplantation to restore thyroid function.
  • Post-transplantation imaging revealed hypertrophy of the grafted thyroid tissue.

Findings:

  • The autotransplanted thyroid tissue demonstrated gradual recovery of its hormone-producing capacity.
  • Thyroid trapping function was progressively restored following the surgical procedure.
  • The case highlights the potential for successful functional recovery in dual ectopic thyroid tissue.

Implications:

  • Thyroid autotransplantation offers a viable strategy for managing ectopic thyroid glands, particularly in rare dual ectopia cases.
  • Preserving the autoregulatory mechanism of hormone production is achievable through autotransplantation.
  • This approach may help maintain euthyroidism and reduce the need for long-term hormone replacement therapy.