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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Core/shell Printing Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Of Tubular Structures

Core/shell Printing Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Of Tubular Structures

Published on: September 27, 2019

Lignin-Based Direct Ink Printed Structural Scaffolds.

Bo Jiang¹, Yonggang Yao¹, Zhiqiang Liang¹

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|June 30, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a 3D printing method for lignin, a sustainable biomass component. This lignin-based ink creates robust, water-stable structures, outperforming traditional cellulose-based 3D prints.

Keywords:

3D printing ink lignin structural scaffolds wood inspired

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Last Updated: Dec 17, 2025

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3D Printed Porous Cellulose Nanocomposite Hydrogel Scaffolds

3D Printed Porous Cellulose Nanocomposite Hydrogel Scaffolds

Published on: April 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Sustainable Materials
Additive Manufacturing

Background:

Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant, sustainable resource for 3D printing applications.
Cellulose-based 3D prints are fragile and water-intolerant due to their hydrophilic nature and porous structure.
Lignin, a key component of lignocellulose, has not been utilized for 3D printing due to poor rheological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a direct ink writing strategy for fabricating 3D structures using unrefined lignin.
To overcome the rheological challenges associated with lignin for 3D printing applications.
To create lignin-based 3D structures with enhanced mechanical properties, stability, and functionality compared to cellulose.

Main Methods:

A low-cost direct ink printing strategy was employed using unrefined lignin.
A soft triblock copolymer was utilized as a crosslinking agent to tailor ink rheology.
Lignin-based inks were characterized for rheological behavior, water content, microstructure, and mechanical strength.

Main Results:

Lignin-based inks exhibited adjustable rheology, enabling soft to rigid structures and vertical printing.
Printed lignin structures showed a denser microstructure with significantly higher wet tensile strength (≈30 MPa) compared to cellulose (≈0.6 MPa).
Lignin-based materials demonstrated improved stability in water and under heat, along with UV-blocking capabilities.

Conclusions:

A novel, low-cost 3D printing method for unrefined lignin was successfully developed.
Lignin-based 3D printed materials offer superior mechanical strength, stability, and functionality over cellulose.
This advancement opens new avenues for utilizing lignin in sustainable and high-performance 3D printed applications.