Iliac Bone Harvesting Techniques for Bone Reconstruction. Comparative Study Between Tricortical Bone Harvesting vs...

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Bone Grafting Techniques
• Pain Management

Background:

• Autologous iliac bone grafts are crucial for reconstructing tibial plateau fractures.
• Assessing donor site morbidity is essential for patient outcomes.
• Comparing different iliac bone harvesting methods is necessary to optimize surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of trapdoor-procedure-based bone harvesting versus tricortical iliac bone harvesting.
• To evaluate donor site pain and clinical effects associated with each harvesting method.
• To identify the optimal bone harvesting technique for specific clinical scenarios.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 65 patients with tibial plateau fractures undergoing iliac bone grafting.
• Comparison of trapdoor-procedure (experimental, 34 cases) and tricortical iliac bone harvesting (control, 31 cases).
• Evaluation of donor site incision length, blood loss, bone yield, operation time, complications, and pain scores (SF-MPQ-2).

Main Results:

• No significant difference in pain at one week post-surgery between groups.
• Significantly lower pain scores at 3 weeks, 5 weeks, and 3 months in the trapdoor group.
• Trapdoor harvesting resulted in significantly less intraoperative blood loss, fewer complications, and a lower amount of bone harvested compared to tricortical harvesting.

Conclusions:

• Trapdoor-procedure-based bone harvesting demonstrates advantages in reduced donor site pain, blood loss, and complications.
• Tricortical iliac bone harvesting is still recommended for cases requiring substantial bone volume.
• The choice of harvesting technique should be tailored to the extent of bone loss and patient needs.