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Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.

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Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

Efficient and selective antibody modification with functionalised divinyltriazines.

Andrew J Counsell¹, Stephen J Walsh¹, Naomi S Robertson¹

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK. spring@ch.cam.ac.uk.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry

|July 2, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new disulfide rebridging strategy efficiently modifies monoclonal antibodies using divinyltriazine linkers. This method provides stable antibody conjugates with controlled drug loading.

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Area of Science:

Bioconjugation Chemistry
Antibody Engineering
Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are crucial therapeutics.
Efficient and controlled modification of mAbs is essential for developing advanced antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
Existing conjugation strategies often face challenges in efficiency, control, and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a highly efficient disulfide rebridging strategy for mAb modification.
To utilize substituted divinyltriazine linkers for controlled conjugation.
To assess the stability and payload loading of the resulting antibody conjugates.

Main Methods:

Employing a disulfide rebridging reaction for antibody modification.
Utilizing near stoichiometric quantities of substituted divinyltriazine linkers.
Characterizing the antibody conjugates for stability and payload loading.

Main Results:

The reported strategy achieves highly efficient disulfide rebridging.
The reaction proceeds effectively under mild conditions.
The conjugation method yields serum-stable antibody conjugates with a precise payload loading of 4.

Conclusions:

A novel and efficient disulfide rebridging strategy for mAb modification has been established.
The use of divinyltriazine linkers allows for controlled and stable antibody conjugation.
This method offers a promising approach for the development of next-generation antibody-drug conjugates.