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Nanopore and Nanoparticle Formation with Lipids Undergoing Polymorphic Phase Transitions.

Diana Cholakova¹, Desislava Glushkova¹, Slavka Tcholakova¹

¹Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.

|July 2, 2020

Summary

Lipid phase transitions create nanopores that fracture structures, forming nanoparticles or emulsions. This process effectively incorporates high drug loads for potential pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords:

nanoemulsion nanopore polymorphic phase transition solid lipid nanoparticle triacylglyceride wetting

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Physical Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Lipid-based formulations are crucial in drug delivery and materials science.
Understanding lipid phase transitions is key to controlling their structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the phenomena arising from lipid solid-solid phase transitions.
To explore the spontaneous formation of lipid nanoparticles and emulsions.

Main Methods:

Inducing gel-to-crystal phase transitions in various lipid classes.
Utilizing surfactants to facilitate water impregnation into lipid structures.
Analyzing lipid disintegration and nanoparticle formation via cooling and heating cycles.

Main Results:

Spontaneous nanopore network formation during lipid phase transitions.
Nanopore impregnation by water leads to nanoscale fracturing of lipid structures.
Effective formation of lipid nanoparticles and double emulsions, even with high drug loading (up to 50%).

Conclusions:

Lipid phase transitions offer a novel, scalable method for nanoparticle and emulsion generation.
The process is efficient for incorporating high concentrations of medical drugs.
This technique holds promise for industrial-scale production in pharmaceuticals and materials science.