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Paradigms of Lower Extremity Electrical Stimulation Training After Spinal Cord Injury
Published on: February 1, 2018
Cardiometabolic Disease and Dysfunction Following Spinal Cord Injury: Origins and Guideline-Based Countermeasures
1Departments of Neurological Surgery and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis; The NIDILRR Model SCI System, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School; 1095 Northwest 14th Terrace, R-48, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Abstract:
The risks and health hazards of the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) are commonly reported in persons with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and disorders. Overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are highly prevalent after SCI. Both the CMS diagnosis and physical deconditioning worsen the prognosis for all-cause cardiovascular disease. Evidence suggests a role for physical activity to address these risks, although intense exercise may be required. A lifestyle plan incorporating both exercise and nutrition represents a preferred approach for health management. Improved surveillance for CMS risks and exercise and nutritional management are essential for the preservation of optimal health and independence.
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