Pest categorisation of Hishimonus phycitis

Area of Science:

• Plant Health
• Entomology
• Phytopathology

Background:

• Hishimonus phycitis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a polyphagous leafhopper native to tropical and subtropical Asia.
• It is a significant pest, vectoring phytoplasmas causing Witches' broom disease of lime and brinjal little-leaf disease in Citrus and Solanum melongena, respectively.
• The pest is currently regulated under Council Directive 2000/29/EC.

Purpose of the Study:

• To perform a pest categorisation of Hishimonus phycitis for the European Union (EU).
• To assess the risk of EU establishment and spread.
• To determine if H. phycitis meets criteria for Union quarantine pest status.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing scientific literature and regulatory data on H. phycitis.
• Analysis of host plant relevance, geographical distribution, and potential entry pathways into the EU.
• Assessment of eco-climatic suitability and potential for establishment and spread within the EU.

Main Results:

• H. phycitis occurs in Asia and has hosts relevant to the EU, including Citrus spp. and Solanum melongena.
• Entry into the EU is possible via eggs on host plants for planting; establishment is uncertain but potentially limited to Mediterranean areas.
• Adults are capable of flight, allowing potential spread within suitable EU zones.

Conclusions:

• H. phycitis satisfies criteria for classification as a Union quarantine pest.
• Transovarial transmission of associated phytoplasmas is unproven, creating uncertainty regarding disease spread via eggs.
• Available measures can inhibit entry via trade, but establishment risk necessitates strict phytosanitary controls.