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COVID-19 and arterial hypertension: Hypothesis or evidence?

Marijana Tadic1, Cesare Cuspidi2,3, Guido Grassi2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University Hospital "Dr. Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia.

Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)
|July 7, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients and is linked to adverse outcomes. However, current evidence does not demonstrate hypertension as an independent predictor of mortality in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are prevalent comorbidities in COVID-19 patients.
  • Hypertension is consistently identified as a significant risk factor.
  • Speculation exists regarding the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and its role in COVID-19 susceptibility and mortality, particularly concerning RAAS inhibitors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on the relationship between hypertension and COVID-19.
  • To evaluate the impact of hypertension on COVID-19 patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies.
  • Analysis of data concerning hypertension prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension is more prevalent in patients experiencing adverse outcomes, including ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or death.
  • Conflicting findings exist in follow-up studies regarding the impact of comorbidities on COVID-19 outcomes.
  • No study has definitively established hypertension as an independent predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • While hypertension is associated with worse outcomes in COVID-19, its independent predictive value for mortality requires further investigation.
  • The review highlights the need for more research to clarify the complex relationship between hypertension, its treatment, and COVID-19 prognosis.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecoronavirusoutcomerisk factors

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