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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.9K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

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Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Color in Coordination Complexes
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Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Author Spotlight: A Rapid, Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nickel Hydroxide Nanosheets
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Ferromagnetic metal conversion directly from two-dimensional nickel hydroxide.

Yuhsuke Naruo1, Seita Uechi1, Masahiro Sawada2

  • 1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.

Nanotechnology
|July 7, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We discovered nickel hydroxide nanosheets transform into nickel metal nanostructures through vacuum thermal annealing. This conversion, occurring above 250°C, results in ferromagnetic nickel metal with a structural change.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Nickel hydroxide nanosheets are precursors for various nickel-based materials.
  • Understanding phase transitions in nanosheets is crucial for developing novel nanostructures.
  • Controlled conversion of hydroxides to metals offers pathways to new material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct metallic conversion of nickel hydroxide nanosheets.
  • To determine the critical temperature for this metal transition.
  • To characterize the resulting nickel metal nanostructures and their properties.

Main Methods:

  • Thermal annealing in vacuum.
  • X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy.
  • Auger electron spectroscopy.
  • X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements.
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Main Results:

  • Direct metallic conversion of nickel hydroxide nanosheets to nickel metal nanostructures observed above 250 °C in vacuum.
  • XANES confirmed the metal transition, distinct from oxidation in air.
  • Auger measurements indicated oxygen dissociation as the key step.
  • XMCD revealed ferromagnetic behavior in the converted nickel metal.
  • AFM showed a structural transformation from 2D-like to particle-like structures due to atom diffusion.

Conclusions:

  • Vacuum annealing provides a route for direct metallic conversion of nickel hydroxide nanosheets.
  • The process yields ferromagnetic nickel metal nanostructures with altered morphology.
  • This method offers a new approach for fabricating metallic nanostructures from hydroxide precursors.