Internal Structure, Reliability and Invariance across Gender Using the Multidimensional School Climate Scale PACE-33.
Naiara Escalante Mateos1, Eider Goñi Palacios1, Arantza Fernández-Zabala1
1Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Education and Sport Faculty of Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Summary
This study validated the PACE-33 scale, a new Spanish measure for school climate. The scale reliably assesses adolescents' perception of school climate and is equivalent for male and female students.
Area of Science:
- Educational Psychology
- Psychometrics
Background:
- School climate significantly impacts educational efficiency and quality.
- Existing Spanish measures for school climate lack comprehensive validation.
- There is a need for a reliable and valid instrument to assess school climate in Spanish-speaking adolescents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the internal structure and reliability of the Students' Perception of School Climate scale (PACE-33).
- To examine the measurement and structural invariance of the PACE-33 across genders.
- To provide a validated Spanish instrument for assessing adolescent school climate perception.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 1180 adolescents (mean age 15.37 years) participated.
- Incidental sampling was used for participant selection.
- Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to assess the scale's internal structure and invariance.
Main Results:
- The nine-correlated-factor model demonstrated the best fit to the data.
- The PACE-33 scale exhibited adequate internal consistency indices.
- The scale's measurement and structure were found to be equivalent between male and female adolescents.
Conclusions:
- The PACE-33 scale is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring school climate perception in adolescents.
- The findings support the use of the PACE-33 for evaluating school climate in Spanish-speaking populations.
- The scale's invariance across genders enhances its utility in diverse adolescent groups.
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