Heterogeneous Single-Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction Reaction

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Catalysis

Background:

• Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2 RR) is crucial for mitigating atmospheric CO2.
• Low-cost, efficient electrocatalysts are essential for CO2 RR implementation.
• Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with non-precious metals are promising for CO2 RR.

Purpose of the Study:

• To address ambiguity regarding active sites and performance-governing factors in SACs for CO2 RR.
• To provide a fundamental understanding of the CO2 RR-to-CO process on SACs.
• To guide the rational design of SACs for enhanced CO2 RR.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of experimental and theoretical studies on SACs for CO2 RR.
• Investigation of reaction mechanisms and rate-determining steps.
• Discussion of synthesis, characterization, and performance of SACs.

Main Results:

• Clarification of catalytically active centers in SACs for CO2 RR.
• Identification of key factors influencing activity and selectivity.
• Comprehensive analysis of the CO2 RR-to-CO pathway on SACs.

Conclusions:

• SACs offer a viable pathway for efficient CO2 RR.
• Understanding active sites and reaction mechanisms is key to optimizing SAC performance.
• Future research should focus on rational design principles for SACs in CO2 conversion.