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Orbitofrontal Cortex Encodes Preference for Alcohol.

John S Hernandez1, David E Moorman2,3

  • 1Neuroscience and Behavior Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003.

Eneuro
|July 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) shows altered activity during alcohol seeking, reflecting individual alcohol preference. This suggests the OFC is crucial for alcohol motivation, potentially implicated in alcohol use disorders.

Keywords:
alcohol use disorderdependenceelectrophysiologyinstrumentalorbital cortexprefrontal cortex

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is vital for reward processing and is implicated in substance use disorders.
  • While OFC dysfunction is noted in drug dependence, its specific role in alcohol use disorders requires further investigation.
  • Existing research indicates altered OFC activity in response to alcohol cues and effects of OFC manipulation on alcohol-related behaviors in rodents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between OFC neural activity and individual differences in alcohol consumption and preference.
  • To characterize the neural correlates of alcohol preference within the OFC during self-administration tasks.
  • To determine if OFC activity patterns during alcohol seeking differ between high and low alcohol drinkers.

Main Methods:

  • Male Long-Evans rats underwent intermittent access to ethanol (EtOH) for one month.
  • Rats were trained to self-administer 20% EtOH, 10% EtOH, and 15% sucrose.
  • Orbitofrontal cortex neuronal activity was recorded and correlated with task performance and EtOH preference, categorizing rats into high and low drinkers.

Main Results:

  • Rats naturally segregated into high and low 20% EtOH drinkers, with similar motivation for 10% EtOH and sucrose.
  • OFC neuronal activity significantly changed during seeking and consumption of sucrose and EtOH.
  • The magnitude of OFC activity changes during EtOH seeking directly correlated with individual preference for 20% EtOH.
  • EtOH-associated OFC activity patterns more closely resembled sucrose-associated patterns in high EtOH drinkers compared to low drinkers.

Conclusions:

  • OFC neurons exhibit activation patterns during alcohol seeking that are contingent upon individual preference.
  • These findings support the OFC as a neural substrate for alcohol motivation.
  • Dysregulation within the OFC may contribute to the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorders.