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[Changes of serum interleukin-33 in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia]
1Department of Neonatology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Huhhot 010017, China. nmyyzcl@163.com.
Insights
Serum interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels are elevated in preterm infants who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Treatment for severe BPD reduced IL-33 levels, suggesting its role in disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
Background:
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant complication in preterm infants.
- The role of inflammatory markers like interleukin-33 (IL-33) in BPD pathogenesis requires further elucidation.
- Understanding IL-33's involvement may offer new therapeutic targets for BPD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum IL-33 levels and the development and severity of BPD in preterm infants.
- To evaluate the impact of anti-inflammatory therapy on IL-33 levels in infants with moderate to severe BPD.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study included 128 preterm infants (gestational age ≤32 weeks or birth weight ≤1500 g).
- Infants were categorized into non-BPD, mild BPD, moderate BPD, and severe BPD groups.
- Serum IL-33 levels were measured using ELISA on days 1, 14, and 28 post-birth. Moderate/severe BPD infants received DART regimen therapy, with IL-33 levels measured pre- and post-treatment.
Main Results:
- Infants with BPD exhibited significantly higher serum IL-33 levels compared to non-BPD infants on days 1, 14, and 28.
- Serum IL-33 levels positively correlated with BPD severity and increased over time post-birth.
- DART regimen therapy significantly reduced serum IL-33 levels in preterm infants with moderate or severe BPD.
Conclusions:
- Serum IL-33 is strongly linked to the development and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.
- The DART regimen, an anti-inflammatory therapy, effectively decreases elevated IL-33 levels in BPD patients.
- IL-33 may serve as a potential biomarker for BPD and a target for therapeutic interventions.
Objective:
To study the role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in the development and progression of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study was performed on 128 preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks and/or a birth weight of ≤1 500 g. They were classified to a non-BPD group with 50 infants, a mild BPD group with 32 infants, a moderate BPD group with 30 infants, and a severe BPD group with 16 infants. Related data were collected, including antepartum factors of mothers (antepartum hormone and chorioamnionitis), intrapartum factors of preterm infants (sex, gestational age, birth weight, mode of birth, and birth asphyxia), treatment after birth (pulmonary surfactant, duration of invasive ventilation, duration of noninvasive ventilation, duration of parenteral nutrition, and length of hospital stay). The high-risk factors for BPD were analyzed. ELISA was used to measure the serum level of IL-33 in preterm infants on days 1, 14, and 28 after birth. The serum level of IL-33 was compared between groups at different time points after birth. The preterm infants with moderate or severe BPD were treated with conventional corticosteroid therapy (DART regimen), and the serum level of IL-33 was measured before and after treatment.
Results:
There were significant differences between the preterm infants with BPD and those without BPD in the incidence of maternal chorioamnionitis, gestational age, birth weight, the incidence of birth asphyxia, duration of invasive ventilation, duration of noninvasive ventilation, duration of parenteral nutrition, and total length of hospital stay (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the above indices among the preterm infants with different severities of BPD (P<0.05). On days 1, 14, and 28 after birth, the infants with BPD had a significantly higher serum level of IL-33 than those without BPD, and the serum level of IL-33 tended to increase with the severity of BPD and over the time after birth (P<0.05). The preterm infants with moderate or severe BPD had a significant reduction in the serum level of IL-33 after the treatment with DART regimen (P<0.05).
Conclusions:
Serum IL-33 is closely associated with the development and severity of BPD. Anti-inflammatory therapy with DART regimen can decrease the serum level of IL-33.
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