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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant global health and economic challenges.
  • While primarily respiratory, COVID-19 (caused by SARS-CoV-2) can affect multiple organs.
  • Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are underreported but crucial given prior coronavirus disease (CoV) studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential neuropathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
  • To describe the neurological profile of patients with COVID-19.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing neurological complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on COVID-19 and neurological aspects.
  • Analysis of reported neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients.
  • Examination of potential neurotropic, neuroinvasive, and neurovirulent properties of SARS-CoV-2.

Main Results:

  • Previous human CoVs (e.g., SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV) have demonstrated neurotropic, neuroinvasive, and neurovirulent capabilities.
  • Neurological symptoms have been documented as complications in prior CoV outbreaks.
  • Early reports suggest a range of neurological issues in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Physicians must be vigilant for early signs of neurological compromise in COVID-19 patients.
  • Clinical protocols are needed to systematically investigate neurological involvement.
  • Understanding neuropathogenesis is vital for managing COVID-19 complications.