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Changes in naming ability with age.

M S Albert1, H S Heller, W Milberg

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.

Psychology and Aging
|June 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Naming ability remains stable until the 70s, then declines significantly. Semantic and perceptual errors increase with age, while lexical errors do not. Estimated IQ predicts naming performance.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Confrontation naming is a key cognitive function.
  • Understanding age-related changes in naming is crucial for assessing cognitive health.
  • The Boston Naming Test is a standard tool for evaluating naming abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in confrontation naming ability.
  • To identify patterns of errors in naming across the adult lifespan.
  • To determine predictors of naming performance in healthy older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Administered the Boston Naming Test to 80 healthy adults aged 30-80.
  • Analyzed naming accuracy and error types (semantic, perceptual, lexical).
  • Utilized multiple regression to assess the influence of IQ and learning ability.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Naming ability remained stable until the 70s, followed by a significant decline (p <= .0001).
  • Semantic and perceptual errors increased with age.
  • Lexical errors did not show an age-related increase.
  • Estimated IQ predicted naming scores, but new learning ability did not.

Conclusions:

  • Confrontation naming shows resilience throughout most of adulthood but declines sharply in later life.
  • The nature of naming errors shifts with age, with semantic and perceptual errors becoming more prevalent.
  • Cognitive reserve, as indicated by estimated IQ, plays a role in maintaining naming function in aging.