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Tissue-resident lymphocytes: weaponized sentinels at barrier surfaces.
Gabrielle T Belz1,2,3, Renae Denman1, Cyril Seillet2,3
1The University of Queensland, Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
F1000Research
|July 23, 2020
Summary
Tissue-resident immune cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, reside in tissues to protect against infection and cancer. Understanding these cells can lead to new treatments for inflammatory diseases and allergies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Immune cells stably reside in tissues, forming networks independent of circulation.
- Initial focus was on CD8+ T-RM cells, but other immune cells also form tissue-resident populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on various tissue-resident immune cell types.
- To identify knowledge gaps in regulating these cells and their therapeutic potential.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on tissue-resident immune cells.
- Analysis of immune cell localization and function in non-lymphoid compartments.
Main Results:
- Multiple immune cell types, including CD4+ T cells, gd T cells, innate lymphoid cells, and MAIT cells, form stable tissue-resident populations.
- These cells are crucial for immune surveillance at barrier surfaces and in non-lymphoid tissues.
- Their presence influences protection against infection and cancer, but also contributes to autoimmunity and inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Tissue-resident immune cells represent a critical network for maintaining homeostasis and responding to local perturbations.
- Further research into their regulation is needed to develop targeted therapies for immune-mediated diseases.
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