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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
Published on: December 17, 2010
A Novel Etiology of Hypophysitis: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Stuti Fernandes1, Elena V Varlamov2, Shirley McCartney3
1Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism), Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L607, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Abstract:
Checkpoint inhibitors trigger an immune process against cancer cells while causing cytotoxicity and self-antibody production against normal cells. Hypophysitis is a common endocrine toxicity. Hypophysitis may occur at any time during and after therapy, necessitating close clinical monitoring and screening for pituitary deficiencies. Treatment with high-dose glucocorticoids and temporary cessation of immunotherapy is indicated for severe hypophysitis with intractable headaches and vision changes, and for adrenal crisis. Increased awareness about this novel hypophysitis and multidisciplinary collaboration are needed to improve outcomes. This article reviews the function of immune checkpoint inhibitors and pituitary adverse effects with immune checkpoint inhibitor use.
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