25(OH)D Serum Level in Non-Diabetic and Type II Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Public Health
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health concern, particularly prevalent in Saudi Arabia.
• Vitamin D deficiency is common in Saudi Arabia, despite abundant sunlight, and is linked to elevated blood glucose levels.
• Understanding the prevalence and impact of vitamin D deficiency is crucial for managing diabetes in the region.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in non-diabetic and type II diabetic patients at King Faisal University Health Center.
• To assess the relationship between vitamin D levels and glycemic control (HbA1c and fasting blood glucose) in this population.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Faisal University Health Center from January to April 2016.
• Serum vitamin D levels, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting blood glucose were measured in participants.
• Data were analyzed using SPSS, with independent sample t-tests for correlation analysis.

Main Results:

• A high incidence of vitamin D deficiency (89.53%) was observed among patients.
• Vitamin D deficiency was more common in females, Saudi nationals, and diabetic patients compared to their counterparts.
• An inverse relationship was found between vitamin D levels and fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, with higher glucose levels in vitamin D deficient individuals.

Conclusions:

• Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent at the KFU Health Center, impacting a significant majority of patients.
• Lower vitamin D levels are associated with poorer glycemic control in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
• Vitamin D deficiency plays a notable role in glucose metabolism and may exacerbate glucose intolerance in diabetic patients.