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Related Concept Videos

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

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When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
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Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant01:26

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When placed in an external electric field, a dielectric material gets polarized. The charge density in the dielectric material is given by the sum of the bound and free charge densities, while the total charge density can also be written in terms of the total electric field. The bound charge density can be measured in terms of polarization, leading to the relationship between electric displacement and polarization.
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Electric Field of a Charged Disk01:23

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The simplest case of a surface charge distribution is the uniformly charged disk. Calculating its electric field also helps us calculate the electric field of a large plane of charge.
The system's symmetry is in the cylindrical directions across the plane of the charge. As a result, the electric fields created by various surface charge elements nullify each other in the direction parallel to the surface. Thereby, the resulting electric field is perpendicular to the plane. Since the disk is...
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Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges01:30

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Atoms generally contain the same number of positively and negatively charged particles, protons, and electrons. Hence, they are electrically neutral. However, the centers of the positive and negative charges do not always coincide. In such a scenario, the electric field of an atom may not be zero.
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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures
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AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

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Dielectric response with short-ranged electrostatics.

Stephen J Cox1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom sjc236@cam.ac.uk.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating a short-ranged water model reveals its effectiveness in simulations. Local molecular-field theory (LMFT) accurately describes dielectric properties, supporting its use in solvation studies.

Keywords:
confined fluidsdielectric responseelectrostatic interactionsliquid waterlocal molecular field theory

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dielectric properties of polar liquids are crucial for their solvent capabilities.
  • Describing these properties is complex due to long-ranged dipolar interactions, especially in molecular simulations with periodic boundary conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dielectric properties of a water model with only short-ranged intermolecular electrostatic interactions.
  • To evaluate the performance of this short-ranged model within the framework of local molecular-field theory (LMFT).

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing local molecular-field theory (LMFT) for a mean-field treatment of electrostatics.
  • Simulating a water model with entirely short-ranged intermolecular electrostatic interactions.

Main Results:

  • The short-ranged water model demonstrated remarkably good performance in describing dielectric properties.
  • Apparent shortcomings of the short-ranged model were successfully accounted for within the LMFT framework.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the utility of LMFT for understanding solvation behavior.
  • The results are valuable for developing interaction potentials based on local liquid structure descriptions.