Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers01:18

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers

1.4K
Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...
1.4K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers01:20

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers

1.4K
Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in calcium-dependent tissues like the SA and AV nodes. These drugs manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and reduce ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation.
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...
1.4K
Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine01:25

Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine

1.1K
Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ranolazine have emerged as crucial pharmacotherapeutic agents, providing deep insights into the complexities of angina management.
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
1.1K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers01:17

Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers

970
Calcium channel blockers, a class of antiepileptic drugs, regulate the flow of calcium ions within neurons.
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...
970
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

3.5K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
3.5K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers01:22

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers

2.5K
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are used to treat various types of arrhythmias or irregular heart rhythms. These drugs block the sodium (Na+) channels in the cardiac cells, thereby affecting the movement of electrical impulses across the heart. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are divided into three subgroups: Class IA, Class IB, and Class IC, each with distinct mechanisms of action and effects on the heart.
Class 1A Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These drugs work by moderately blocking sodium channels,...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Simplified method for EEG recordings in mice.

MethodsX·2026
Same author

A minimally invasive EEG recording method in mice using thin needle electrodes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

COUNTERING AGE-ASSOCIATED ALTERATIONS IN OLIGODENDROCYTE-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX REJUVENATES COGNITION.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Targeting iron-associated protein Ftl1 in the brain of old mice improves age-related cognitive impairment.

Nature aging·2025
Same author

Mitigating dithiothreitol interference to gold/thiol interface in electrochemical detection of cathepsin B activity toward multiplex protease analysis.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2025
Same author

Investigation of HCAR2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modulate bovine leukocytes.

Journal of animal science and biotechnology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

7.1K

SYNTHESIS OF 1,3,4-OXADIAZOLES AS SELECTIVE T-TYPE CALCIUM CHANNEL INHIBITORS.

Man Zhang1, Bende Zou2, Medha J Gunaratna1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 1212 Mid Campus Drive, Manhattan, KS 66506, U. S. A.

Heterocycles
|August 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole molecules to target T-type calcium channels. Compound 11 selectively inhibited these channels, showing potential for treating neuropathic pain and epilepsy.

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

8.0K
Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

7.1K
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

8.0K
Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Dysfunction of T-type calcium channels is linked to neuropathic pain, epilepsy, insomnia, and tremor.
  • T-type calcium channels represent a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate novel 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole molecules as selective T-type calcium channel inhibitors.
  • To identify a potential drug candidate for treating conditions associated with T-type calcium channel dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • A rational drug design approach was employed.
  • A three-step synthetic strategy involved condensation, ring closing, and coupling reactions.
  • Inhibition selectivity was assessed against Na+ and K+ channels in neuronal and HEK-293 cells.
  • Efficacy was evaluated in a mouse model of seizure-induced death.

Main Results:

  • 5-Chloro-N-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (compound 11) was synthesized.
  • Compound 11 demonstrated selective inhibition of T-type Ca2+ channels.
  • Compound 11 suppressed seizure-induced death in a mouse model.
  • Compound 11 showed selectivity over Na+ and K+ channels.

Conclusions:

  • Compound 11 is a potent and selective T-type calcium channel inhibitor.
  • Compound 11 serves as a valuable research tool for studying T-channel roles.
  • This compound provides a foundation for developing new therapies for chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain.