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Nummular Eczema: An Updated Review.

Alexander K C Leung1, Joseph M Lam2, Kin Fon Leong3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery
|August 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nummular eczema presents as coin-shaped, itchy skin plaques. Early diagnosis and treatment, including topical corticosteroids and skin care, can manage this chronic condition effectively.

Keywords:
Coin-shaped plaquesdiscoid eczemahigh potency corticosteroidsmoisturizersnummular eczemanummular dermatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Nummular eczema, characterized by coin-shaped lesions, can be mistaken for other annular skin conditions, necessitating a broad differential diagnosis.
  • The condition presents with distinct erythematous, eczematous plaques, typically 1-10cm in diameter, often symmetrically distributed on the limbs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of nummular eczema.
  • To highlight key diagnostic features and therapeutic strategies for nummular eczema.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed with terms like "nummular eczema" and "discoid eczema".
  • The search included various study types (meta-analyses, RCTs, reviews) and patent databases to gather relevant information.
  • English literature was prioritized for the review.

Main Results:

  • Nummular eczema is diagnosed clinically based on characteristic coin-shaped plaques on dry skin, often intensely pruritic.
  • Dermoscopy can aid diagnosis, while biopsy is usually unnecessary unless fungal infection is suspected.
  • Patch testing is recommended for chronic cases due to common contact allergies.
  • Treatment mainstays include trigger avoidance, proper skin care, and potent topical corticosteroids.

Conclusions:

  • Nummular eczema can resolve in weeks with appropriate treatment but may follow a chronic, relapsing course.
  • Consistent skin moisturizing and avoiding irritants like hot water and harsh soaps can reduce recurrence.
  • Physicians must be aware of the broad differential diagnosis for annular lesions to ensure accurate diagnosis and timely treatment initiation.