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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

Cell Cycle Regulation Meets Tumor Immunosuppression.

Jinyang Li¹, Ben Z Stanger¹

¹Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Trends in Immunology

|August 18, 2020

Summary

Enhanced cell cycle activity in cancer cells suppresses the immune system. This review explores how tumor cell cycle programs impact immune responses and immunotherapy outcomes.

Keywords:

cell cycle immune evasion immunotherapy tumor immunology

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Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics

Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics

Published on: June 7, 2024

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Cancer Biology

Background:

Tumor microenvironment is shaped by interactions between tumor and immune cells.
Enhanced cell cycle activity in cancer cells is linked to suppressed antitumor immunity.
Understanding these links is crucial for effective cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss mechanisms linking cancer cell cycle programs to immune behavior.
To explore the consequences of these links for cancer immunotherapy.
To provide insights into novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on cancer cell cycle and immunity.
Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved.
Discussion of implications for immunotherapy.

Main Results:

Cell cycle progression in tumor cells can directly inhibit immune cell function.
Specific cell cycle regulators may serve as targets for modulating immune responses.
Tumor cell proliferation dynamics influence the efficacy of immunotherapies.

Conclusions:

Targeting cancer cell cycle programs offers a promising strategy to enhance antitumor immunity.
Understanding the interplay between cell cycle and immunity is key to improving immunotherapy outcomes.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions.