Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles TRECs and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles KRECs by Real-time PCR
Published on: December 6, 2014
Primary Immunodeficiencies: Diseases of Children and Adults - A Review
Aleksandra Lewandowicz-Uszyńska1,2, Gerard Pasternak3, Jerzy Świerkot4
1Third Department and Clinic of Pediatrics, Immunology and Rheumatology of Developmental Age, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. aleksandra.lewandowicz-uszynska@umed.wroc.p.
Abstract:
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) belong to a group of rare congenital diseases occurring all over the world that may be seen in both children and adults. In most cases, genetic predispositions are already known. As shown in this review, genetic abnormalities may be related to dysfunction of the immune system, which manifests itself as recurrent infections, increased risk of cancer, and autoimmune diseases. This article reviews the various forms of PIDs, including their characterization, management strategies, and complications. Novel aspects of the diagnostics and monitoring of PIDs are presented.
Related Concept Videos
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
Humoral Immune Responses
Development of Immunocompetence
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
What is the Immune System?
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses

