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Related Concept Videos

Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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Morphologic analysis of the subtalar joint using statistical shape modeling.

Nicola Krähenbühl1, Amy L Lenz1, Rich J Lisonbee1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
|August 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Weightbearing CT scans reveal detailed 3D subtalar joint anatomy in healthy individuals. Statistical shape modeling shows consistent joint congruency despite anatomical variations, aiding in diagnosing subtalar conditions.

Keywords:
congruency and joint spacemorphologystatistical shape modelingsubtalar jointweightbearing CT

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Biomechanics
  • Medical Imaging Analysis
  • Anatomical Research

Background:

  • Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) offers load-bearing foot and ankle visualization.
  • Current 2D WBCT measurements limit complex 3D morphology and alignment quantification.
  • Subtalar joint's normal 3D shape and orientation are poorly understood, hindering pathoanatomy diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize statistical shape modeling (SSM) for evaluating 3D subtalar joint shape, coverage, space, and congruency.
  • To analyze WBCT data from 27 asymptomatic individuals to establish a baseline for healthy subtalar joint morphology.
  • To provide a detailed 3D understanding of the subtalar joint under weightbearing conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Employed statistical shape modeling (SSM) on 3D WBCT data.
  • Analyzed shape variation, joint coverage, space, and congruency of the subtalar joint.
  • Included 27 asymptomatic healthy individuals in the study cohort.

Main Results:

  • Identified anatomical differences in talar and calcaneal structures (talar posterior process, calcaneal pitch, posterior facet curvature).
  • Found talar posterior facet's articular surface area significantly larger than the calcaneal posterior facet's.
  • Observed variable joint space in the posterior facet but consistent joint space in the anteromedial facet.
  • Confirmed consistent congruency of both posterior and anteromedial facets of the subtalar joint.

Conclusions:

  • Despite population variations, the subtalar joint's posterior and anteromedial facets are consistently congruent.
  • This 3D analysis provides a normative dataset for comparing pathological subtalar joint conditions.
  • The SSM approach shows potential for clinical assessment of subtalar joint pathology using WBCT.